
Decision-making is defined as choosing among options. But few strategic decisions come with pre-built options.







Individual decision-making (IDM) is when one person decides. Group decision-making (GDM) is when a group collectively designs the goals and plans they will then be asked to deliver. Most consequential leadership decisions are GDM. Yet almost all decision-making education, tools, and research focuses on IDM. What makes an individual decision good does not make a group decision good — they require different concepts, methods, and approaches.
No. IDM and GDM are recognized academic labels. SchellingPoint's contribution is bringing them into business practice, and developing the concepts, frames, and methods for the underdeveloped side — GDM-Design.
GDM-Choice helps groups select among existing options. GDM-Design is when the group must create goals and plans from scratch — no options exist yet. Most consequential leadership decisions are GDM-Design. Most decision support tools and training are built for GDM-Choice. The gap between the two is where most execution failures begin.
GDM-Design has never been formally developed into a teachable discipline. Lacking research-based concepts and methods, leaders have been unable to receive instruction on the specific steps needed to guide a group to high-quality goals and plans. Most available leadership training is behavioral — how to act in a group — not methodological: what to actually do. So most leaders improvise, and get inconsistent results.
Group design has been treated as a push process: put the right people and data in, goals and actions come out. Because groups are doing it together, it feels collaborative — and collaboration feels like a process. Without defining what a good output looks like, no standard was ever built. SchellingPoint's applied research program was designed specifically to close that gap.